Pony medicine features both magical and mundane medical therapies and diagnostic techniques, medical magic being an area of study that was comparatively well-preserved through the catastrophe. Still, medicine is not what it once was, and both supplies and qualified practitioners are sometimes scarce.

There are six respectable medical schools in the Isle of Yore, one located at Hayminnow University, the Docktown Eclectic Medical School, The House of the Watcher on High (for ponies religious with a medical vocation), Springvale Hospital, Equestria University at Solaria on the Lake, and the Caketown Professional Institute. Note that these institutions do not have a monopoly on medical education; magic schools often teach some healing magic (although a knowledge of scientific medicine greatly complements it) and there are a number of very small self-proclaimed medical schools. Learning medicine by apprenticeship is also common.